open-heavens/periodic_table_of_elements.csv

1	AtomicNumber	Element	Symbol	AtomicMass	NumberofNeutrons	NumberofProtons	NumberofElectrons	Period	Group	Phase	Radioactive	Natural	Metal	Nonmetal	Metalloid	Type	AtomicRadius	Electronegativity	FirstIonization	Density	MeltingPoint	BoilingPoint	NumberOfIsotopes	Discoverer	Year	SpecificHeat	NumberofShells	NumberofValence
2	1	Hydrogen	H	1.007	0	1	1	1	1	gas		yes		yes		Nonmetal	0.79	2.2	13.5984	8.99E-05	14.175	20.28	3	Cavendish	1766	14.304	1	1
3	2	Helium	He	4.002	2	2	2	1	18	gas		yes		yes		Noble Gas	0.49		24.5874	1.79E-04		4.22	5	Janssen	1868	5.193	1
4	3	Lithium	Li	6.941	4	3	3	2	1	solid		yes	yes			Alkali Metal	2.1	0.98	5.3917	5.34E-01	453.85	1615	5	Arfvedson	1817	3.582	2	1
5	4	Beryllium	Be	9.012	5	4	4	2	2	solid		yes	yes			Alkaline Earth Metal	1.4	1.57	9.3227	1.85E+00	1560.15	2742	6	Vaulquelin	1798	1.825	2	2
6	5	Boron	B	10.811	6	5	5	2	13	solid		yes			yes	Metalloid	1.2	2.04	8.298	2.34E+00	2573.15	4200	6	Gay-Lussac	1808	1.026	2	3
7	6	Carbon	C	12.011	6	6	6	2	14	solid		yes		yes		Nonmetal	0.91	2.55	11.2603	2.27E+00	3948.15	4300	7	Prehistoric		0.709	2	4
8	7	Nitrogen	N	14.007	7	7	7	2	15	gas		yes		yes		Nonmetal	0.75	3.04	14.5341	1.25E-03	63.29	77.36	8	Rutherford	1772	1.04	2	5
9	8	Oxygen	O	15.999	8	8	8	2	16	gas		yes		yes		Nonmetal	0.65	3.44	13.6181	1.43E-03	50.5	90.2	8	Priestley/Scheele	1774	0.918	2	6
10	9	Fluorine	F	18.998	10	9	9	2	17	gas		yes		yes		Halogen	0.57	3.98	17.4228	1.70E-03	53.63	85.03	6	Moissan	1886	0.824	2	7
11	10	Neon	Ne	20.18	10	10	10	2	18	gas		yes		yes		Noble Gas	0.51		21.5645	9.00E-04	24.703	27.07	8	Ramsay and Travers	1898	1.03	2	8
12	11	Sodium	Na	22.99	12	11	11	3	1	solid		yes	yes			Alkali Metal	2.2	0.93	5.1391	9.71E-01	371.15	1156	7	Davy	1807	1.228	3	1
13	12	Magnesium	Mg	24.305	12	12	12	3	2	solid		yes	yes			Alkaline Earth Metal	1.7	1.31	7.6462	1.74E+00	923.15	1363	8	Black	1755	1.023	3	2
14	13	Aluminum	Al	26.982	14	13	13	3	13	solid		yes	yes			Metal	1.8	1.61	5.9858	2.70E+00	933.4	2792	8	Wshler	1827	0.897	3	3
15	14	Silicon	Si	28.086	14	14	14	3	14	solid		yes			yes	Metalloid	1.5	1.9	8.1517	2.33E+00	1683.15	3538	8	Berzelius	1824	0.705	3	4
16	15	Phosphorus	P	30.974	16	15	15	3	15	solid		yes		yes		Nonmetal	1.2	2.19	10.4867	1.82E+00	317.25	553	7	BranBrand	1669	0.769	3	5
17	16	Sulfur	S	32.065	16	16	16	3	16	solid		yes		yes		Nonmetal	1.1	2.58	10.36	2.07E+00	388.51	717.8	10	Prehistoric		0.71	3	6
18	17	Chlorine	Cl	35.453	18	17	17	3	17	gas		yes		yes		Halogen	0.97	3.16	12.9676	3.21E-03	172.31	239.11	11	Scheele	1774	0.479	3	7
19	18	Argon	Ar	39.948	22	18	18	3	18	gas		yes		yes		Noble Gas	0.88		15.7596	1.78E-03	83.96	87.3	8	Rayleigh and Ramsay	1894	0.52	3	8
20	19	Potassium	K	39.098	20	19	19	4	1	solid		yes	yes			Alkali Metal	2.8	0.82	4.3407	8.62E-01	336.5	1032	10	Davy	1807	0.757	4	1
21	20	Calcium	Ca	40.078	20	20	20	4	2	solid		yes	yes			Alkaline Earth Metal	2.2	1	6.1132	1.54E+00	1112.15	1757	14	Davy	1808	0.647	4	2
22	21	Scandium	Sc	44.956	24	21	21	4	3	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	2.1	1.36	6.5615	2.99E+00	1812.15	3109	15	Nilson	1878	0.568	4
23	22	Titanium	Ti	47.867	26	22	22	4	4	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	2	1.54	6.8281	4.54E+00	1933.15	3560	9	Gregor	1791	0.523	4
24	23	Vanadium	V	50.942	28	23	23	4	5	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	1.9	1.63	6.7462	6.11E+00	2175.15	3680	9	del Rio	1801	0.489	4
25	24	Chromium	Cr	51.996	28	24	24	4	6	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	1.9	1.66	6.7665	7.15E+00	2130.15	2944	9	Vauquelin	1797	0.449	4
26	25	Manganese	Mn	54.938	30	25	25	4	7	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	1.8	1.55	7.434	7.44E+00	1519.15	2334	11	Gahn, Scheele	1774	0.479	4
27	26	Iron	Fe	55.845	30	26	26	4	8	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	1.7	1.83	7.9024	7.87E+00	1808.15	3134	10	Prehistoric		0.449	4
28	27	Cobalt	Co	58.933	32	27	27	4	9	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	1.7	1.88	7.881	8.86E+00	1768.15	3200	14	Brandt	1735	0.421	4
29	28	Nickel	Ni	58.693	31	28	28	4	10	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	1.6	1.91	7.6398	8.91E+00	1726.15	3186	11	Cronstedt	1751	0.444	4
30	29	Copper	Cu	63.546	35	29	29	4	11	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	1.6	1.9	7.7264	8.96E+00	1357.75	2835	11	Prehistoric		0.385	4
31	30	Zinc	Zn	65.38	35	30	30	4	12	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	1.5	1.65	9.3942	7.13E+00	692.88	1180	15	Prehistoric		0.388	4
32	31	Gallium	Ga	69.723	39	31	31	4	13	solid		yes	yes			Metal	1.8	1.81	5.9993	5.91E+00	302.91	2477	14	de Boisbaudran	1875	0.371	4	3
33	32	Germanium	Ge	72.64	41	32	32	4	14	solid		yes			yes	Metalloid	1.5	2.01	7.8994	5.32E+00	1211.45	3106	17	Winkler	1886	0.32	4	4
34	33	Arsenic	As	74.922	42	33	33	4	15	solid		yes			yes	Metalloid	1.3	2.18	9.7886	5.78E+00	1090.15	887	14	Albertus Magnus	1250	0.329	4	5
35	34	Selenium	Se	78.96	45	34	34	4	16	solid		yes		yes		Nonmetal	1.2	2.55	9.7524	4.81E+00	494.15	958	20	Berzelius	1817	0.321	4	6
36	35	Bromine	Br	79.904	45	35	35	4	17	liq		yes		yes		Halogen	1.1	2.96	11.8138	3.12E+00	266.05	332	19	Balard	1826	0.474	4	7
37	36	Krypton	Kr	83.798	48	36	36	4	18	gas		yes		yes		Noble Gas	1		13.9996	3.73E-03	115.93	119.93	23	Ramsay and Travers	1898	0.248	4	8
38	37	Rubidium	Rb	85.468	48	37	37	5	1	solid		yes	yes			Alkali Metal	3	0.82	4.1771	1.53E+00	312.79	961	20	Bunsen and Kirchoff	1861	0.363	5	1
39	38	Strontium	Sr	87.62	50	38	38	5	2	solid		yes	yes			Alkaline Earth Metal	2.5	0.95	5.6949	2.64E+00	1042.15	1655	18	Davy	1808	0.301	5	2
40	39	Yttrium	Y	88.906	50	39	39	5	3	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	2.3	1.22	6.2173	4.47E+00	1799.15	3609	21	Gadolin	1794	0.298	5
41	40	Zirconium	Zr	91.224	51	40	40	5	4	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	2.2	1.33	6.6339	6.51E+00	2125.15	4682	20	Klaproth	1789	0.278	5
42	41	Niobium	Nb	92.906	52	41	41	5	5	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	2.1	1.6	6.7589	8.57E+00	2741.15	5017	24	Hatchett	1801	0.265	5
43	42	Molybdenum	Mo	95.96	54	42	42	5	6	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	2	2.16	7.0924	1.02E+01	2890.15	4912	20	Scheele	1778	0.251	5
44	43	Technetium	Tc	98	55	43	43	5	7	artificial	yes		yes			Transition Metal	2	1.9	7.28	1.15E+01	2473.15	5150	23	Perrier and Segr<67>	1937		5
45	44	Ruthenium	Ru	101.07	57	44	44	5	8	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	1.9	2.2	7.3605	1.24E+01	2523.15	4423	16	Klaus	1844	0.238	5
46	45	Rhodium	Rh	102.906	58	45	45	5	9	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	1.8	2.28	7.4589	1.24E+01	2239.15	3968	20	Wollaston	1803	0.243	5
47	46	Palladium	Pd	106.42	60	46	46	5	10	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	1.8	2.2	8.3369	1.20E+01	1825.15	3236	21	Wollaston	1803	0.244	5
48	47	Silver	Ag	107.868	61	47	47	5	11	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	1.8	1.93	7.5762	1.05E+01	1234.15	2435	27	Prehistoric		0.235	5
49	48	Cadmium	Cd	112.411	64	48	48	5	12	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	1.7	1.69	8.9938	8.69E+00	594.33	1040	22	Stromeyer	1817	0.232	5
50	49	Indium	In	114.818	66	49	49	5	13	solid		yes	yes			Metal	2	1.78	5.7864	7.31E+00	429.91	2345	34	Reich and Richter	1863	0.233	5	3
51	50	Tin	Sn	118.71	69	50	50	5	14	solid		yes	yes			Metal	1.7	1.96	7.3439	7.29E+00	505.21	2875	28	Prehistoric		0.228	5	4
52	51	Antimony	Sb	121.76	71	51	51	5	15	solid		yes			yes	Metalloid	1.5	2.05	8.6084	6.69E+00	904.05	1860	29	Early historic times		0.207	5	5
53	52	Tellurium	Te	127.6	76	52	52	5	16	solid		yes			yes	Metalloid	1.4	2.1	9.0096	6.23E+00	722.8	1261	29	von Reichenstein	1782	0.202	5	6
54	53	Iodine	I	126.904	74	53	53	5	17	solid		yes		yes		Halogen	1.3	2.66	10.4513	4.93E+00	386.65	457.4	24	Courtois	1811	0.214	5	7
55	54	Xenon	Xe	131.293	77	54	54	5	18	gas		yes		yes		Noble Gas	1.2		12.1298	5.89E-03	161.45	165.03	31	Ramsay and Travers	1898	0.158	5	8
56	55	Cesium	Cs	132.905	78	55	55	6	1	solid		yes	yes			Alkali Metal	3.3	0.79	3.8939	1.87E+00	301.7	944	22	Bunsen and Kirchoff	1860	0.242	6	1
57	56	Barium	Ba	137.327	81	56	56	6	2	solid		yes	yes			Alkaline Earth Metal	2.8	0.89	5.2117	3.59E+00	1002.15	2170	25	Davy	1808	0.204	6	2
58	57	Lanthanum	La	138.905	82	57	57	6	3	solid		yes	yes			Lanthanide	2.7	1.1	5.5769	6.15E+00	1193.15	3737	19	Mosander	1839	0.195	6
59	58	Cerium	Ce	140.116	82	58	58	6		solid		yes	yes			Lanthanide	2.7	1.12	5.5387	6.77E+00	1071.15	3716	19	Berzelius	1803	0.192	6
60	59	Praseodymium	Pr	140.908	82	59	59	6		solid		yes	yes			Lanthanide	2.7	1.13	5.473	6.77E+00	1204.15	3793	15	von Welsbach	1885	0.193	6
61	60	Neodymium	Nd	144.242	84	60	60	6		solid		yes	yes			Lanthanide	2.6	1.14	5.525	7.01E+00	1289.15	3347	16	von Welsbach	1885	0.19	6
62	61	Promethium	Pm	145	84	61	61	6		artificial	yes		yes			Lanthanide	2.6	1.13	5.582	7.26E+00	1204.15	3273	14	Marinsky et al.	1945		6
63	62	Samarium	Sm	150.36	88	62	62	6		solid		yes	yes			Lanthanide	2.6	1.17	5.6437	7.52E+00	1345.15	2067	17	Boisbaudran	1879	0.197	6
64	63	Europium	Eu	151.964	89	63	63	6		solid		yes	yes			Lanthanide	2.6	1.2	5.6704	5.24E+00	1095.15	1802	21	Demarcay	1901	0.182	6
65	64	Gadolinium	Gd	157.25	93	64	64	6		solid		yes	yes			Lanthanide	2.5	1.2	6.1501	7.90E+00	1585.15	3546	17	de Marignac	1880	0.236	6
66	65	Terbium	Tb	158.925	94	65	65	6		solid		yes	yes			Lanthanide	2.5	1.2	5.8638	8.23E+00	1630.15	3503	24	Mosander	1843	0.182	6
67	66	Dysprosium	Dy	162.5	97	66	66	6		solid		yes	yes			Lanthanide	2.5	1.22	5.9389	8.55E+00	1680.15	2840	21	de Boisbaudran	1886	0.17	6
68	67	Holmium	Ho	164.93	98	67	67	6		solid		yes	yes			Lanthanide	2.5	1.23	6.0215	8.80E+00	1743.15	2993	29	Delafontaine and Soret	1878	0.165	6
69	68	Erbium	Er	167.259	99	68	68	6		solid		yes	yes			Lanthanide	2.5	1.24	6.1077	9.07E+00	1795.15	3503	16	Mosander	1843	0.168	6
70	69	Thulium	Tm	168.934	100	69	69	6		solid		yes	yes			Lanthanide	2.4	1.25	6.1843	9.32E+00	1818.15	2223	18	Cleve	1879	0.16	6
71	70	Ytterbium	Yb	173.054	103	70	70	6		solid		yes	yes			Lanthanide	2.4	1.1	6.2542	6.97E+00	1097.15	1469	16	Marignac	1878	0.155	6
72	71	Lutetium	Lu	174.967	104	71	71	6		solid		yes	yes			Lanthanide	2.3	1.27	5.4259	9.84E+00	1936.15	3675	22	Urbain/ von Welsbach	1907	0.154	6
73	72	Hafnium	Hf	178.49	106	72	72	6	4	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	2.2	1.3	6.8251	1.33E+01	2500.15	4876	17	Coster and von Hevesy	1923	0.144	6
74	73	Tantalum	Ta	180.948	108	73	73	6	5	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	2.1	1.5	7.5496	1.67E+01	3269.15	5731	19	Ekeberg	1801	0.14	6
75	74	Wolfram	W	183.84	110	74	74	6	6	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	2	2.36	7.864	1.93E+01	3680.15	5828	22	J. and F. d'Elhuyar	1783	0.132	6
76	75	Rhenium	Re	186.207	111	75	75	6	7	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	2	1.9	7.8335	2.10E+01	3453.15	5869	21	Noddack, Berg, and Tacke	1925	0.137	6
77	76	Osmium	Os	190.23	114	76	76	6	8	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	1.9	2.2	8.4382	2.26E+01	3300.15	5285	19	Tennant	1803	0.13	6
78	77	Iridium	Ir	192.217	115	77	77	6	9	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	1.9	2.2	8.967	2.26E+01	2716.15	4701	25	Tennant	1804	0.131	6
79	78	Platinum	Pt	195.084	117	78	78	6	10	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	1.8	2.28	8.9587	2.15E+01	2045.15	4098	32	Ulloa/Wood	1735	0.133	6
80	79	Gold	Au	196.967	118	79	79	6	11	solid		yes	yes			Transition Metal	1.8	2.54	9.2255	1.93E+01	1337.73	3129	21	Prehistoric		0.129	6
81	80	Mercury	Hg	200.59	121	80	80	6	12	liq		yes	yes			Transition Metal	1.8	2	10.4375	1.35E+01	234.43	630	26	Prehistoric		0.14	6
82	81	Thallium	Tl	204.383	123	81	81	6	13	solid		yes	yes			Metal	2.1	2.04	6.1082	1.19E+01	577.15	1746	28	Crookes	1861	0.129	6	3
83	82	Lead	Pb	207.2	125	82	82	6	14	solid		yes	yes			Metal	1.8	2.33	7.4167	1.13E+01	600.75	2022	29	Prehistoric		0.129	6	4
84	83	Bismuth	Bi	208.98	126	83	83	6	15	solid		yes	yes			Metal	1.6	2.02	7.2856	9.81E+00	544.67	1837	19	Geoffroy the Younger	1753	0.122	6	5
85	84	Polonium	Po	210	126	84	84	6	16	solid	yes	yes			yes	Metalloid	1.5	2	8.417	9.32E+00	527.15	1235	34	Curie	1898		6	6
86	85	Astatine	At	210	125	85	85	6	17	solid	yes	yes		yes		Noble Gas	1.4	2.2	9.3	7.00E+00	575.15	610	21	Corson et al.	1940		6	7
87	86	Radon	Rn	222	136	86	86	6	18	gas	yes	yes	yes			Alkali Metal	1.3		10.7485	9.73E-03	202.15	211.3	20	Dorn	1900	0.094	6	8
88	87	Francium	Fr	223	136	87	87	7	1	solid	yes	yes	yes			Alkaline Earth Metal		0.7	4.0727	1.87E+00	300.15	950	21	Perey	1939		7	1
89	88	Radium	Ra	226	138	88	88	7	2	solid	yes	yes	yes			Actinide		0.9	5.2784	5.50E+00	973.15	2010	15	Pierre and Marie Curie	1898		7	2
90	89	Actinium	Ac	227	138	89	89	7	3	solid	yes	yes	yes			Actinide		1.1	5.17	1.01E+01	1323.15	3471	11	Debierne/Giesel	1899	0.12	7
91	90	Thorium	Th	232.038	142	90	90	7		solid	yes	yes	yes			Actinide		1.3	6.3067	1.17E+01	2028.15	5061	12	Berzelius	1828	0.113	7
92	91	Protactinium	Pa	231.036	140	91	91	7		solid	yes	yes	yes			Actinide		1.5	5.89	1.54E+01	1873.15	4300	14	Hahn and Meitner	1917		7
93	92	Uranium	U	238.029	146	92	92	7		solid	yes	yes	yes			Actinide		1.38	6.1941	1.90E+01	1405.15	4404	15	Peligot	1841	0.116	7
94	93	Neptunium	Np	237	144	93	93	7		artificial	yes		yes			Actinide		1.36	6.2657	2.05E+01	913.15	4273	153	McMillan and Abelson	1940		7
95	94	Plutonium	Pu	244	150	94	94	7		artificial	yes		yes			Actinide		1.28	6.0262	1.98E+01	913.15	3501	163	Seaborg et al.	1940		7
96	95	Americium	Am	243	148	95	95	7		artificial	yes		yes			Actinide		1.3	5.9738	1.37E+01	1267.15	2880	133	Seaborg et al.	1944		7
97	96	Curium	Cm	247	151	96	96	7		artificial	yes		yes			Actinide		1.3	5.9915	1.35E+01	1340.15	3383	133	Seaborg et al.	1944		7
98	97	Berkelium	Bk	247	150	97	97	7		artificial	yes		yes			Actinide		1.3	6.1979	1.48E+01	1259.15	983	83	Seaborg et al.	1949		7
99	98	Californium	Cf	251	153	98	98	7		artificial	yes		yes			Actinide		1.3	6.2817	1.51E+01	1925.15	1173	123	Seaborg et al.	1950		7
100	99	Einsteinium	Es	252	153	99	99	7		artificial	yes		yes			Actinide		1.3	6.42	1.35E+01	1133.15		123	Ghiorso et al.	1952		7
101	100	Fermium	Fm	257	157	100	100	7		artificial	yes		yes			Actinide		1.3	6.5				103	Ghiorso et al.	1953		7
102	101	Mendelevium	Md	258	157	101	101	7		artificial	yes		yes			Actinide		1.3	6.58				33	Ghiorso et al.	1955		7
103	102	Nobelium	No	259	157	102	102	7		artificial	yes		yes			Actinide		1.3	6.65				73	Ghiorso et al.	1958		7
104	103	Lawrencium	Lr	262	159	103	103	7		artificial	yes		yes			Actinide							203	Ghiorso et al.	1961		7
105	104	Rutherfordium	Rf	261	157	104	104	7	4	artificial	yes		yes			Transactinide				1.81E+01				Ghiorso et al.	1969		7
106	105	Dubnium	Db	262	157	105	105	7	5	artificial	yes		yes			Transactinide				3.90E+01				Ghiorso et al.	1970		7
107	106	Seaborgium	Sg	266	160	106	106	7	6	artificial	yes		yes			Transactinide				3.50E+01				Ghiorso et al.	1974		7
108	107	Bohrium	Bh	264	157	107	107	7	7	artificial	yes		yes			Transactinide				3.70E+01				Armbruster and M<>nzenberg	1981		7
109	108	Hassium	Hs	267	159	108	108	7	8	artificial	yes		yes			Transactinide				4.10E+01				Armbruster and M<>nzenberg	1983		7
110	109	Meitnerium	Mt	268	159	109	109	7	9	artificial	yes		yes			Transactinide				3.50E+01				GSI, Darmstadt, West Germany	1982		7
111	110	Darmstadtium	Ds	271	161	110	110	7	10	artificial	yes		yes			Transactinide									1994		7
112	111	Roentgenium	Rg	272	161	111	111	7	11	artificial	yes		yes			Transactinide									1994		7
113	112	Copernicium	Cn	285	173	112	112	7	12	artificial	yes		yes			Transactinide									1996		7
114	113	Nihonium	Nh	284	171	113	113	7	13	artificial	yes		yes												2004		7	3
115	114	Flerovium	Fl	289	175	114	114	7	14	artificial	yes		yes			Transactinide									1999		7	4
116	115	Moscovium	Mc	288	173	115	115	7	15	artificial	yes		yes												2010		7	5
117	116	Livermorium	Lv	292	176	116	116	7	16	artificial	yes		yes			Transactinide									2000		7	6
118	117	Tennessine	Ts	295	178	117	117	7	17	artificial	yes			yes											2010		7	7
119	118	Oganesson	Og	294	176	118	118	7	18	artificial	yes			yes		Noble Gas									2006		7	8